Main themes
Legislation
Governance

Title
Law and the city

Focus
“Law and the city” will introduce listeners to the role of law (including legislation, rights, and jurisprudence) in influencing our lives in cities, focusing primarily on its benefits, but also how it can marginalize people.

Issues which the lecture addresses
The lecture emerges from the pertinent and yet often ignored role of law in the city. It takes an interdisciplinary approach which seeks to understand the positive and negative spatial ramifications of law in the way we inhabit, appropriate, and participate in the city, its spaces, its governance, and its processes. It uses examples to demonstrate how government can enact the vision of the New Urban Agenda through legislative change, but also how inhabitants themselves can use the law to make and shape their own lives in the city.

Short analysis of the above issues
The presentation draws on examples of by-laws, national legislation, and case law. It uses real and hypothetical examples to demonstrate:
1. That law is used in a way that unfairly excludes people from inhabiting, appropriating, and participating in the city, its spaces, its governance, and its processes; however
2. That law can be used in a way that facilitates a broader access to the city, provided it is accessible and simple to understand; and indeed
3. That people are actually using the law in this way, particularly in the context of bringing contested claims to the city to court.
The basic premise is that as a tool of power, law can be debilitative, but it can also be empowering at both a governance as well as an activist/everyday level.

Propositions for addressing the issue
1. Through drawing on examples from around the world, it will be shown how law is one of the elements of a broader polity which has a pervasive influence on our lives in the city. Examples will be used to demonstrate how law is interweaved through the urban fabric.
2. This influence if often perceived as negative, and can indeed be negative in the way it unduly seeks to control and plan our lives in the city through debilitating and overly-technical legislation, and formalistic decisions by judges which are out of touch with lived realities.
3. But the influence can also be positive because of the way it provides a level of certainty in our interactions, which can lead to cities of equality, accountability, and opportunity.

Additional Reading Materials
Bhan, G. (2009). Evictions, the Urban Poor, and the Right to the City: Delhi. Environment & Urbanization 21 (1), 127.

Blomley, N., Dlaney, D., & Ford, R. (2001). The Legal Geographies Reader. Oxford: Blackwell.

Brown, A. & Kristiansen, A. (2009). Urban policies and the Right to the City: Rights, Responsibilities and citizenship, Management of Social Transformations 17 (2).

Coggin, T. & Pieterse, M. (2012). Rights and the City: An exploration of the interaction between Socio-Economic Rights and the City. Urban Forum 23 (3), 257.

Fernandes, E. (2011). The challenges of reforming the urban legal framework: A critical assessment of Brazil’s City Statute 10 years later. Transformer 19(2), 27.

Ghertner, AD. (2008). Analysis of New Legal Discourse behind Delhi’s Slum Demolitions. Economic & Political Weekly 57.

Glaser, M. (2014). Land use law and the City: Towards inclusive planning. World Bank Legal Review 5(1), 1.

Philippopoulos-Mihalopoulos, A. (ed.) (2007). Law and the City. Oxford: Routledge-Cavendish.

Wilson, S. (2011). Planning for inclusion in South Africa: The State’s duty to prevent homelessness and the potential for ‘meaningful engagement’. Urban Forum 26 (2), 265.